3.2.1.1 Globalisation
Dimensions of globalisation: flows of capital, labour, products, services and information; global marketing; patterns of production, distribution and consumption.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• what is meant by the concept of a flow in the context of globalisation.
• what international capital flows are.
• how international flows can be of capital, labour, products, services and information.

Suggested timing
1 hour

3.1.3.4 Coastal management
Human intervention in coastal landscapes. Traditional approaches to coastal flood and erosion risk: hard and soft engineering. Sustainable approaches to coastal flood risk and coastal erosion management: shoreline management/integrated coastal zone management.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• Why different approaches to coastal management are needed.
• The costs and benefits of traditional approaches.
• How sustainable integrated approaches to coastal management can be used to protect coastal communities.
• The difference between shoreline management plans and integrated coastal zone management.
• The different values and attitudes towards coastal management.

Suggested timing
2 to 3 hours

Factors contributing to the character of places:

• Endogenous: location, topography, physical geography, land use, built environment and infrastructure, demographic and economic characteristics.
• Exogenous: relationships with other places.

Learning outcomes

• What endogenous factors are. How the physical site, the economic function and the cultural landscape of a place can alter the character of a place.
• What exogenous factors are and how they can alter the character of a place.
• How the shifting flows of people, money, technology and information around the world can affect places.
• Some examples of how globalization has led to de-industrialisation and fundamental change in some places.

Suggested timing
2 hours