3.1.3.4 Coastal management
Human intervention in coastal landscapes. Traditional approaches to coastal flood and erosion risk: hard and soft engineering. Sustainable approaches to coastal flood risk and coastal erosion management: shoreline management/integrated coastal zone management.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• Why different approaches to coastal management are needed.
• The costs and benefits of traditional approaches.
• How sustainable integrated approaches to coastal management can be used to protect coastal communities.
• The difference between shoreline management plans and integrated coastal zone management.
• The different values and attitudes towards coastal management.

Suggested timing
2 to 3 hours

3.1.1.4 Water, carbon, climate and life on Earth
Human interventions in the carbon cycle designed to influence carbon transfers and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

Learning outcomes

• Students to have a clear understanding of the concepts of mitigation and adaptation.
• Students to be able to describe and explain in detail a range of specific strategies that are employed to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
• Students to understand that mitigation can occur at a variety of scales, from individual to global.
• Students will be able to explain how adaptation can be used at a local scale to mitigate the impacts of climate change.
• Students should be able to recognise that strategies to mitigate climate change have implications for development in the area they are applied, and in areas affected by climate change.

Suggested timing
2 hours

• Local place study: exploring the developing character of a place local to the home or study centre.
• Contrasting place study: exploring the developing character of a contrasting and distant place.
• Place studies must apply the knowledge acquired through engagement with prescribed specification content and thereby further enhance understanding of the way students own lives and those of others are affected by continuity and change in the nature of places. Sources must include qualitative and quantitative data to represent places in the past and present.
• Both place studies must focus equally on:
• peoples lived experience of the place in the past and at present

and either

• changing demographic and cultural characteristics

or

• economic change and social inequalities.
• The choice in the focus of the study outlined above should be the same for both the local and distant place study chosen.