3.1.1.4 Water, carbon, climate and life on Earth
The key role of the carbon and water stores and cycles in supporting life on Earth with reference to climate. The relationship between the water cycle and carbon cycle in the atmosphere.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• Students to understand the significance of water (water vapour and clouds) and carbon (CO2) as greenhouse gases.
• Students to understand the dominance of CO2 in controlling the scale of the greenhouse effect.

Suggested timing
1 hour

3.1.3.1 Coasts as natural systems
Systems in physical geography: systems concepts and their application to the development of
coastal landscapes - inputs, outputs, energy, stores/components, flows/transfers, positive/negative feedback, dynamic equilibrium. The concepts of landform and landscape and how related landforms combine to form characteristic landscapes.

Links with other units

3.1.1.1 Water and carbon cycles as natural systems
Systems in physical geography: systems concepts and their application to the water and carbon cycles inputs - outputs, energy, stores/components, flows/transfers, positive/negative feedback, dynamic equilibrium.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• What the coastal system is and how it relates to other Earth systems.
• What the inputs, outputs, stores and flows/transfers of coastal systems are.
• How positive and negative feedback change coastal systems and the concept of dynamic equilibrium.

Suggested timing
2 hours

3.2.2.2.1 Relationships and connections
The impact of relationships and connections on people and place with a particular focus on:
either

• changing demographic and cultural characteristics

or

• economic change and social inequalities.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• How identity can be evident at several scales.
• How religion can foster a sense of identity in places.
• The meaning of agglomeration, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation and regeneration.
• The effects of counter-urbanisation on places.

Suggested timing
1 hour