3.2.2.2.1 Relationships and connections
The impact of relationships and connections on people and place with a particular focus on:
either

• changing demographic and cultural characteristics

or

• economic change and social inequalities.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• How identity can be evident at several scales.
• How religion can foster a sense of identity in places.
• The meaning of agglomeration, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation and regeneration.
• The effects of counter-urbanisation on places.

Suggested timing
1 hour

3.1.1.1 Water and carbon as natural systems
Systems in physical geography: systems concepts and their application to the water and carbon cycles inputs - outputs, energy, stores/components, flows/transfers, positive/negative feedback, dynamic equilibrium.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• The concept and use of models by geographers as simplifications of a complex world.
• The concept of systems frameworks as a type of model fundamental to most areas of geographical understanding.
• Classification of systems and common characteristics of systems.
• How the four major subsystems of the Earth are interlinked.

Suggested timing
1 hour

3.1.1.2 The water cycle
Changes in the water cycle over time to include natural variation including storm events, seasonal changes and human impact including farming practices, land use change and water abstraction.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• How human activities of deforestation, agriculture and soil drainage affect the water cycle.
• The reasons for these human activities.
• How each one affects stores and transfers within the water cycle at different scales.

Suggested timing
2 hours