3.2.1.2 Global systems
Issues associated with interdependence including how unequal flows of people, money, ideas and technology within global systems can sometimes act to promote stability, growth and development but can also cause inequalities, conflicts and injustices for people and places.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• that unequal flows can result in inequalities both between countries and within countries.
• that globalisation can help to reduce inequalities between countries but can increase inequalities within countries.
• what the Gini Index is and how Lorenz Curves can be used to analyse economic inequalities within countries.-

Suggested timing
1 hour

3.2.2.3 Meaning and representation
How places may be represented in a variety of different forms, such as advertising copy, tourist agency material and local art exhibitions in diverse media (eg film, photography, art, story, song, etc), that often give contrasting images to that presented formally or statistically, such as cartography and census data.

3.2.2.2.2 Quantitative and qualitative skills

• Students must engage with a range of quantitative and qualitative approaches across the theme as a whole.
• Quantitative data, including the use of geospatial data, must be used to investigate and present place characteristics, particular weight must be given to qualitative approaches involved in representing place, and to analysing critically the impacts of different media on place meanings and perceptions.
• The use of different types of data should allow the development of critical perspectives on the data categories and approaches.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• The difference between qualitative and quantitative sources of geographical information.
• What considerations must be made regarding reliability when using qualitative sources.
• What are the common qualitative sources of information used in presenting place characteristics and what their strengths and weaknesses are.

Suggested timing
1 hour

3.2.1.4 Global governance
Issues associated with attempts at global governance, including how interactions between the local, regional, national, international and global scales are fundamental to understanding global governance.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• what is meant by governance between different scales and what mulitscalar power is.
• how the United Nations is using a multiscalar approach, through Agenda 21 and later Agenda 2030 to help promote sustainable development.
• how non-government organisations (NGOs) can work at different scales and by either operational or advocacy in nature.
• what some of the major issues requiring governance at different scales are and what multiscalar approaches might be adopted to solve them.

Suggested timing
1 to 2 hours