3.1.3.4 Coastal management
Human intervention in coastal landscapes. Traditional approaches to coastal flood and erosion risk: hard and soft engineering. Sustainable approaches to coastal flood risk and coastal erosion management: shoreline management/integrated coastal zone management.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• Why different approaches to coastal management are needed.
• The costs and benefits of traditional approaches.
• How sustainable integrated approaches to coastal management can be used to protect coastal communities.
• The difference between shoreline management plans and integrated coastal zone management.
• The different values and attitudes towards coastal management.

Suggested timing
2 to 3 hours

3.1.3.2 Systems and processes
Sources of energy in coastal environments: winds, waves (constructive and destructive), currents and tides. Low energy and high energy coasts.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• The different sources of energy found in coastal environments.
• How wind impacts wave types and coastal processes.
• The differences between constructive and destructive waves.
• The different characteristics of low and high energy coasts.

Suggested timing
2 hours

3.2.1.2 Global systems
Issues associated with interdependence including how unequal power relations enable some states to drive global systems to their own advantage and to directly influence geopolitical events, while others are only able to respond or resist in a more constrained way.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• what unequal power relations mean in global affairs.
• what ‘hard and ‘soft power is in the context of international relations.
• how countries have exerted significant political and economic power in their international affairs and what the effects of this have been.

Suggested timing
1 hour