3.2.1.4 Global governance
Issues associated with attempts at global governance, including how interactions between the local, regional, national, international and global scales are fundamental to understanding global governance.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• what is meant by governance between different scales and what mulitscalar power is.
• how the United Nations is using a multiscalar approach, through Agenda 21 and later Agenda 2030 to help promote sustainable development.
• how non-government organisations (NGOs) can work at different scales and by either operational or advocacy in nature.
• what some of the major issues requiring governance at different scales are and what multiscalar approaches might be adopted to solve them.

Suggested timing
1 to 2 hours

3.1.3.6 Case studies
Case study of a contrasting coastal landscape beyond the UK to illustrate and analyse how it presents risks and opportunities for human occupation and development and evaluate human responses of resilience, mitigation and adaptation.

This depends on the case-study chosen. For the Sundarbans case-study suggested below, there are clear links to storm hazards.

3.1.5 Hazards
3.1.5.5 Storm hazards
The nature of tropical storms and their underlying causes. Forms of storm hazard: high winds,
storm surges, coastal flooding, river flooding and landslides. Spatial distribution, magnitude,
frequency, regularity, predictability of hazard events.
Impacts: primary/secondary, environmental, social, economic, political. Short and long-term responses: risk management designed to reduce the impacts of the hazard through preparedness, mitigation, prevention and adaptation.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• The locational background to the case-study area.
• Coastal processes and the characteristics of the coastal landforms and landscape.
• The opportunities for human occupation and development.
• The challenges for human occupation and development.
• How humans can respond to the challenges, resilience, mitigation and adaptation.
• The future challenges and opportunities in the case-study area.

Suggested timing
2 hours

3.1.1.4 Water, carbon, climate and life on Earth
The key role of the carbon and water stores and cycles in supporting life on Earth with reference to climate. The relationship between the water cycle and carbon cycle in the atmosphere.

Learning outcomes
This lesson will help students to understand:

• Students to understand the significance of water (water vapour and clouds) and carbon (CO2) as greenhouse gases.
• Students to understand the dominance of CO2 in controlling the scale of the greenhouse effect.

Suggested timing
1 hour